مروری بر روند توسعه و بهبود عملکرد غشاهای پلیمری به منظور جداسازی و استحصال هلیم

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 گروه تحقیقاتی علوم و فناوری غشایی، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هلیم به دلیل ویژگی­های یگانه کاربردهای گسترده‌ای به­ ویژه در حوزه­ های پزشکی، هسته ­ای و فضایی یافته است. در حال حاضر منبع اصلی و صنعتی هلیم، گاز طبیعی است که باید حداقل دارای 05/0% مولی هلیم باشد تا فرایند استخراج که به­ طور عمده مبتنی بر سرمایش است صرف ه­ی اقتصادی داشته باشد. به دلیل برتری­ های بسیار فناوری غشایی، استخراج هلیم توسط این فناوری حدود نیم قرن است که مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. برخی غشاهای غیرآلی مانند سیلیکا عملکرد مناسبی در جداسازی هلیم از خود نشان داده‌اند اما هزینه‌ و پیچیدگی ­های ساخت و توسعه آن‌ها زیاد است. در مقابل غشاهای پلیمری کم‌هزینه‌ترند و نیاز به ارتقا و بهبود دارند تا عملکردشان به حد دلخواه برسد. درکنار ایجاد آمیزه پلیمری و به­کارگیری ترکیب­ های پرکننده غیر آلی، از جمله مؤثرترین روش‌های بهبود عملکرد این غشاها، سنتز غشاهای کوپلیمر می‌باشد. همچنین سامانه‌ی پیشنهادی استفاده‌ی ترکیبی از فناوری‌های سرمایشی، غشایی و جذب فشار نوسانی می تواند منجر به کاهش مصرف انرژی و هزینه‌ها ‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

مراجع

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