Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRNashrieh Shimi va Mohandesi Shimi Iran1022-776833120140401Synthesis and Study of Gd3+ and Lu3+ Doped CdO via Sol-Gel MethodSynthesis and Study of Gd3+ and Lu3+ Doped CdO via Sol-Gel Method189237FASajjad AhmadpourChemistry Department, Tabriz University, Tabriz, I.R. IRANAbdolali AlemiChemistry Department, Tabriz University, Tabriz, I.R. IRANShahin KhademiniaChemistry Department, Tabriz University, Tabriz, I.R. IRANJournal Article20130406<em>In this study pure CdO and Gd <sup>3+</sup>, Lu<sup>3+ </sup>doped CdO oxides were synthesized successfully via a sol-gel method at 900°C. The SEM images indicate that with doping and changing the amounts of Gd <sup>3+</sup> or Lu<sup>3+ </sup>the morphologies of the obtained materials changed and indicated that the CdO composed of nanoparticles structures with grain size of about 150-300 nm. The structural properties of the CdO were investigated by powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) technique. The XRD patterns show that with doping the Gd <sup>3+</sup> or Lu<sup>3+</sup> ions in CdO, the obtained phase is isostructural with the pure CdO materials. Also, cadmium oxide particles cell parameters determined using celeref software version 3. Optical properties of synthesized doped samples were investigated using ultra violet absorption spectra.</em><em>In this study pure CdO and Gd <sup>3+</sup>, Lu<sup>3+ </sup>doped CdO oxides were synthesized successfully via a sol-gel method at 900°C. The SEM images indicate that with doping and changing the amounts of Gd <sup>3+</sup> or Lu<sup>3+ </sup>the morphologies of the obtained materials changed and indicated that the CdO composed of nanoparticles structures with grain size of about 150-300 nm. The structural properties of the CdO were investigated by powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) technique. The XRD patterns show that with doping the Gd <sup>3+</sup> or Lu<sup>3+</sup> ions in CdO, the obtained phase is isostructural with the pure CdO materials. Also, cadmium oxide particles cell parameters determined using celeref software version 3. Optical properties of synthesized doped samples were investigated using ultra violet absorption spectra.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRNashrieh Shimi va Mohandesi Shimi Iran1022-776833120140401Modeling of Aroma Compound Recovery from Waste Streams by Membrane ContactorsModeling of Aroma Compound Recovery from Waste Streams by Membrane Contactors9199238FASepideh SoroushResearch Lab for Membrane Separation Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRANOmid BakhtiariMembrane Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, I.R. IRANToraj MohammadiResearch Lab for Membrane Separation Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRANJournal Article20130928<em>Generated odorous contained effluents in food industries and interests in their recovery using non-destructive treatment method resulted in carrying out many research activities. The aim of this study is to develop an appropriate model to simulate the process of odorous substances recovery from different sources by membrane contactors using COMSOL and MATLAB softwares. The model was employed to evaluate effect of the important process variables such as the feed and solvent flow rates and concentrations on the rate of mass transfer and design a perfect process and also the effect of process parameters. Membrane contactor provides the required surface area for the two fluids contacts where aroma compounds are transferred from one phase to another phase through membrane pores by diffusion and convection mechanisms. The feed flow rate has a significant impact on the rate of aroma compounds mass transfer. The feed concentration increment has the same effect as increasing feed flow rate. Due to the low mass transfer rate from the feed side of the membrane contactor (e.g. transferred mass is governed by the feed side), effect of the solvent flow rate in this process was not detected. The simulated results has a good agreement with experimentally measured data (increment in the feed and solvent flow rates increases the simulated results error. The average error of the simulated results was calculated as 17 %).</em><em>Generated odorous contained effluents in food industries and interests in their recovery using non-destructive treatment method resulted in carrying out many research activities. The aim of this study is to develop an appropriate model to simulate the process of odorous substances recovery from different sources by membrane contactors using COMSOL and MATLAB softwares. The model was employed to evaluate effect of the important process variables such as the feed and solvent flow rates and concentrations on the rate of mass transfer and design a perfect process and also the effect of process parameters. Membrane contactor provides the required surface area for the two fluids contacts where aroma compounds are transferred from one phase to another phase through membrane pores by diffusion and convection mechanisms. The feed flow rate has a significant impact on the rate of aroma compounds mass transfer. The feed concentration increment has the same effect as increasing feed flow rate. Due to the low mass transfer rate from the feed side of the membrane contactor (e.g. transferred mass is governed by the feed side), effect of the solvent flow rate in this process was not detected. The simulated results has a good agreement with experimentally measured data (increment in the feed and solvent flow rates increases the simulated results error. The average error of the simulated results was calculated as 17 %).</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRNashrieh Shimi va Mohandesi Shimi Iran1022-776833120140401Preparation of an Experimental Setup for Separation of Hydrogen Sulfide and Carbon Dioxide from Methane by Using Membrane ContactorPreparation of an Experimental Setup for Separation of Hydrogen Sulfide and Carbon Dioxide from Methane by Using Membrane Contactor21309239FAFarzad AshoubiDepartment of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology,
Tehran, I.R. IRANSeyyed Abbas MousaviDepartment of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology,
Tehran, I.R. IRANReza RoostaazadDepartment of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology,
Tehran, I.R. IRANJournal Article20110207<em>In this work, an experimental setup was designed and prepared in order to study the effects of various parameters on membrane contactor efficiency in separation of H<sub>2</sub>S and CO<sub>2</sub> from natural gas. Polyethersulfone (PES) membrane was prepared and applied in this study for separation of H<sub>2</sub>S and CO<sub>2</sub> form CH<sub>4</sub>. The methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) aqueous solution was used as the liquid phase absorber. The prepared membrane structure was investigated by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and it showed that the membrane has porous structure. The results obtained from membrane contactor setup indicated that in constant liquid flow rate the separation efficiency increased by increasing of gas flow rate, and in constant gas flow rate the liquid flow rate enhanced the separation factor. Also, results revealed that the operation temperature enhancement led to better separation of H<sub>2</sub>S and CO<sub>2</sub> form CH<sub>4</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>S-CO<sub>2</sub> mixture.</em><em>In this work, an experimental setup was designed and prepared in order to study the effects of various parameters on membrane contactor efficiency in separation of H<sub>2</sub>S and CO<sub>2</sub> from natural gas. Polyethersulfone (PES) membrane was prepared and applied in this study for separation of H<sub>2</sub>S and CO<sub>2</sub> form CH<sub>4</sub>. The methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) aqueous solution was used as the liquid phase absorber. The prepared membrane structure was investigated by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and it showed that the membrane has porous structure. The results obtained from membrane contactor setup indicated that in constant liquid flow rate the separation efficiency increased by increasing of gas flow rate, and in constant gas flow rate the liquid flow rate enhanced the separation factor. Also, results revealed that the operation temperature enhancement led to better separation of H<sub>2</sub>S and CO<sub>2</sub> form CH<sub>4</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>S-CO<sub>2</sub> mixture.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRNashrieh Shimi va Mohandesi Shimi Iran1022-776833120140401Diffusivity Measurement of DMAZ in Air and Determining Minimum Storage RadiusDiffusivity Measurement of DMAZ in Air and Determining Minimum Storage Radius31359240FAShahram Ghanbari PakdehiFaculty of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRANAzadeh Pour MazaheriFaculty of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRANJafar Towfighi DarianFaculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, I.R. IRANAli FarrokhiFaculty of Engineering, Tehran South Brach, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, I.R. IRANJournal Article20110207<em>Due to physico-chemical and performance properties of dimethyl amino ethyl azide (DMAZ), it is a good replacement liquid fuel for hydrazine group in space industries. After production of the fuel, it’s storage is a main parameter. It is necessary to determine the storage radius of the fuel for operators’ safety in storing zoon because of probable leakage. Calculating the storage radius of the fuel needs to diffusivity data of DMAZ in air. In this article, first of all, storage radius will be derived in general case according to the basic equation of mass transfer equation. Then, diffusivity of the fuel in air will be measured on the basis of Stefan tube method at atmospheric pressure. Storage radius of the fuel will be determined at different temperatures. At atmospheric pressure, results showed that the storage radius is 2.9 m, 3.2m, 3.7m and 4.2m with respect to temperatures of 15.95<sup>o</sup>C, 25.05<sup>o</sup>C, 39.45<sup>o</sup>C and 60.05<sup>o</sup>C.</em><em>Due to physico-chemical and performance properties of dimethyl amino ethyl azide (DMAZ), it is a good replacement liquid fuel for hydrazine group in space industries. After production of the fuel, it’s storage is a main parameter. It is necessary to determine the storage radius of the fuel for operators’ safety in storing zoon because of probable leakage. Calculating the storage radius of the fuel needs to diffusivity data of DMAZ in air. In this article, first of all, storage radius will be derived in general case according to the basic equation of mass transfer equation. Then, diffusivity of the fuel in air will be measured on the basis of Stefan tube method at atmospheric pressure. Storage radius of the fuel will be determined at different temperatures. At atmospheric pressure, results showed that the storage radius is 2.9 m, 3.2m, 3.7m and 4.2m with respect to temperatures of 15.95<sup>o</sup>C, 25.05<sup>o</sup>C, 39.45<sup>o</sup>C and 60.05<sup>o</sup>C.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRNashrieh Shimi va Mohandesi Shimi Iran1022-776833120140401The Effect of Ce and Zr Loading over HZSM-5 to Produce Light Olefins from NaphthaThe Effect of Ce and Zr Loading over HZSM-5 to Produce Light Olefins from Naphtha37479286FAForough MomayezDepartman of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, I.R. IRANJafar Towfighi DarianDepartman of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, I.R. IRANAli MohammadalizadehGas Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, I.R. IRANJournal Article20121127<em>The effect of Ce and Zr loading over HZSM-5 to increase light olefin yields has been investigated in this research. Catalysts with 2 and 8% wt loading were synthesized by impregnation method. The physicochemical features of catalysts were characterized by mean of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Temperature-Programmed Desorption (NH<sub>3</sub>-TPD). Performance of samples for naphtha thermal catalytic cracking at 650°C and 700°C, steam ratio 0.5 g/g and WHSV 60h<sup>-1</sup> was reported. The maximum yield of light olefins achieved at 650˚C over 2%Zr/HZSM-5 due to moderate acidity.</em><em>The effect of Ce and Zr loading over HZSM-5 to increase light olefin yields has been investigated in this research. Catalysts with 2 and 8% wt loading were synthesized by impregnation method. The physicochemical features of catalysts were characterized by mean of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Temperature-Programmed Desorption (NH<sub>3</sub>-TPD). Performance of samples for naphtha thermal catalytic cracking at 650°C and 700°C, steam ratio 0.5 g/g and WHSV 60h<sup>-1</sup> was reported. The maximum yield of light olefins achieved at 650˚C over 2%Zr/HZSM-5 due to moderate acidity.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRNashrieh Shimi va Mohandesi Shimi Iran1022-776833120140401Prediction of Oxygen Solubility in Organic Solvents Using Artificial Neural NetworksPrediction of Oxygen Solubility in Organic Solvents Using Artificial Neural Networks49559287FAAli Tarjoman NejadDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, I.R. IRANMahnaz YasemiEivan-e-Gharb Branch, Islamic Azad University, Eivan-e-Gharb, Ilam, I.R. IRANJournal Article20130717<em>In this paper, </em><em>solubility of oxygen in organic solvents has been estimated using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Solubility data were studied for wide ranges of temperature (298.2-348.29 K) and pressure (0.0535 to 9.2338 MPa). Solvents are included of methanol, n-propanol, octane, toluene, dibutyl ether and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran. Network model consists of four inputs in input layer for acentric factor, molecular weight, T<sub>R</sub> and P<sub>R</sub> of the system and one neuron in output layer corresponding to solubility of oxygen. The best structure for feed-forward back propagation neural network is logarithmic sigmoid transfer function for hidden layer, 13 neurons in this layer and linear transfer function for output layer. Results show that optimum neural network architecture is able to predict the solubility of oxygen in organic solvents with an acceptable level of accuracy, R<sup>2</sup> of 0.999997, ARD % of 0.8103 and AAD% of 0.0042. </em><em>Sensitivity </em><em>analysis shows that T<sub>R</sub> has the greatest effect on the solubility of oxygen.</em><em>In this paper, </em><em>solubility of oxygen in organic solvents has been estimated using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Solubility data were studied for wide ranges of temperature (298.2-348.29 K) and pressure (0.0535 to 9.2338 MPa). Solvents are included of methanol, n-propanol, octane, toluene, dibutyl ether and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran. Network model consists of four inputs in input layer for acentric factor, molecular weight, T<sub>R</sub> and P<sub>R</sub> of the system and one neuron in output layer corresponding to solubility of oxygen. The best structure for feed-forward back propagation neural network is logarithmic sigmoid transfer function for hidden layer, 13 neurons in this layer and linear transfer function for output layer. Results show that optimum neural network architecture is able to predict the solubility of oxygen in organic solvents with an acceptable level of accuracy, R<sup>2</sup> of 0.999997, ARD % of 0.8103 and AAD% of 0.0042. </em><em>Sensitivity </em><em>analysis shows that T<sub>R</sub> has the greatest effect on the solubility of oxygen.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRNashrieh Shimi va Mohandesi Shimi Iran1022-776833120140401Simulation of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Photocatalytic Removal in a Fluidized Bed ReactorSimulation of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Photocatalytic Removal in a Fluidized Bed Reactor57659307FAAmirMotamed DashliborunSchool of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, I.R. IRANRahmat Sotudeh GharebaghSchool of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, I.R. IRANMohammad HajaghazadehDepartment of Occupational Health, Health Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, I.R. IRANHossein KakooeiDepartment of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. IRANJournal Article20130113<em>Photocatalytic oxidation within reactors, as a promising method from economical and environmentally friendly points of view, is used to VOC treatment; and among various types of reactor, the fluidized bed reactor as an efficient reactor is employed for this aim. Modeling and simulation of photocatalytic fluidized bed reactors are essential for scale-up, optimization, and control. In this study, Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK), TriColor Ethylene (TCE), and toluene were considered as pollutant models, and photocatalytic conversion of these chemicals in the fluidized bed reactor was simulated. In order to simulate the performance of the photocatalytic fluidized bed reactor, the kinetic sub-model and the hydrodynamic sub-model were coupled together and solved simultaneously. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood (LH) kinetic model was adopted for photocatalytic conversion of pollutants and its kinetic parameters were determined experimentally. The dynamic two-phase models were considered as the hydrodynamic sub-model and its validity was investigated through comparing the simulation data and the experimental results. It was observed that there is close agreement between the model and the experimental data. The modeling and simulation results of this study can be used to predict the performance of the photocatalytic fluidized bed reactor.</em><em>Photocatalytic oxidation within reactors, as a promising method from economical and environmentally friendly points of view, is used to VOC treatment; and among various types of reactor, the fluidized bed reactor as an efficient reactor is employed for this aim. Modeling and simulation of photocatalytic fluidized bed reactors are essential for scale-up, optimization, and control. In this study, Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK), TriColor Ethylene (TCE), and toluene were considered as pollutant models, and photocatalytic conversion of these chemicals in the fluidized bed reactor was simulated. In order to simulate the performance of the photocatalytic fluidized bed reactor, the kinetic sub-model and the hydrodynamic sub-model were coupled together and solved simultaneously. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood (LH) kinetic model was adopted for photocatalytic conversion of pollutants and its kinetic parameters were determined experimentally. The dynamic two-phase models were considered as the hydrodynamic sub-model and its validity was investigated through comparing the simulation data and the experimental results. It was observed that there is close agreement between the model and the experimental data. The modeling and simulation results of this study can be used to predict the performance of the photocatalytic fluidized bed reactor.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRNashrieh Shimi va Mohandesi Shimi Iran1022-776833120140401Optimization and Study on Effective Parameters of Salt Elimination from DMAZ Production WastewaterOptimization and Study on Effective Parameters of Salt Elimination from DMAZ Production Wastewater67769453FAShahram Ghanbari PakdehiFaculty of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, P.O.Box: 16765-3454 Tehran, I.R. IRANMansoureh DoustmohammadiFaculty of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, P.O.Box: 16765-3454 Tehran, I.R. IRANAsieh GhorbanfekrFaculty of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, P.O.Box: 16765-3454 Tehran, I.R. IRANJournal Article20130420<em>Dimethyl amino ethyl azide (DMAZ) is a proper candidate for replacement of hydrazine fuels in space industries. There is very little fuel in wastewater in the process which is not proper to separated, economically. However, due to environmental reasons and less consumption of water, DMAZ-water mixture should be separated and returned to the production process. In this research, because of thermal sensitivity of DMAZ, vacuum evaporation was chosen as a separation method. So, effective parameters were studied for designing of the separation unit. Results showed that the separation efficiency is dependent on temperature of water bath, sub-atmospheric pressure, revolution speed of feed vessel, area of feed vessel and vacuum flow rate. Vacuum evaporation rate was studied under the optimized conditions. Highest efficiency, about 97%, was obtained at 50 minutes.</em><em>Dimethyl amino ethyl azide (DMAZ) is a proper candidate for replacement of hydrazine fuels in space industries. There is very little fuel in wastewater in the process which is not proper to separated, economically. However, due to environmental reasons and less consumption of water, DMAZ-water mixture should be separated and returned to the production process. In this research, because of thermal sensitivity of DMAZ, vacuum evaporation was chosen as a separation method. So, effective parameters were studied for designing of the separation unit. Results showed that the separation efficiency is dependent on temperature of water bath, sub-atmospheric pressure, revolution speed of feed vessel, area of feed vessel and vacuum flow rate. Vacuum evaporation rate was studied under the optimized conditions. Highest efficiency, about 97%, was obtained at 50 minutes.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRNashrieh Shimi va Mohandesi Shimi Iran1022-776833120140401A Comprehensive Study of a Water Treatment Plant in one of the Iranian Oil Fields to Increase Yield and ProductivityA Comprehensive Study of a Water Treatment Plant in one of the Iranian Oil Fields to Increase Yield and Productivity77879454FASakineh ShokrolahzadehNational Iranian Oil Company, IOR Research Institute, Tehran, I.R. IRANSamaneh AshooriNational Iranian Oil Company, IOR Research Institute, Tehran, I.R. IRANMohammad ZahedzadehNational Iranian Oil Company, IOR Research Institute, Tehran, I.R. IRANMojgan RadmehrNational Iranian Oil Company, IOR Research Institute, Tehran, I.R. IRANEmad RoayaeiNational Iranian Oil Company, IOR Research Institute, Tehran, I.R. IRANJournal Article20130906<em>Water injection is one of the most effective methods for enhanced oil recovery or reservoir pressure maintenance. The quality of the water is an important factor in the success of a water flooding. The major problem may be associated with water injection is corrosion and plugging of the reservoir that cause injectivity loss and increase in operational cost. The main objectives of sea water treatment plants are to control of important factors such as, oxygen level, bacteria, scaling and suspended solids.This paper presents an overview of optimization of water treatment steps for a seawater injection plant by focusing on corrosion and chemical management. To approach this purpose, a step-by-step review has been implemented on the plant consisting of 40km pipelines, 3-stage filtrations, a deaeration tower, and treatment chemicals. The plant treats seawater for injection into two of Iranian offshore oilfield. That has been in operation for 28 years. During these years, damages have been occurred in the system and relatively in the reservoir due to corrosion and poor control of suspended solids. Besides, it suffers from lack of corrosion monitoring system and has never been inspected for corrosion potential, even though pig cleaning has been run frequently. Field data and laboratory tests indicated that one of the major problems associated with seawater injection in this oilfield results from inadequate filtration and presence of scales, as well as Sulfate Reducing Bacteria. The finest filter size is determined to be lower than 2µm according to the permeability of productive reservoir layer while it is 10µm on the site. Use of poor quality oxygen scavengers in over dose concentration beside the deaeration tower raises the concentration of sulfate and consequently shows up as CaSO<sub>4</sub> precipitate. Application of scale and corrosion inhibitor and biocide, as well as their efficacy, are discussed in details. Having NACE TM0299-99 Standard in mind, a corrosion monitoring system has been proposed for the plant. It was proved that with few replacements in chemical injection points, the system efficiency increased by 30%. The outcome of the study was, more effective treatment, less formation damage, as well as reduced cost and quantity of chemicals used per volume of oil produced and treated injected water.</em><em>Water injection is one of the most effective methods for enhanced oil recovery or reservoir pressure maintenance. The quality of the water is an important factor in the success of a water flooding. The major problem may be associated with water injection is corrosion and plugging of the reservoir that cause injectivity loss and increase in operational cost. The main objectives of sea water treatment plants are to control of important factors such as, oxygen level, bacteria, scaling and suspended solids.This paper presents an overview of optimization of water treatment steps for a seawater injection plant by focusing on corrosion and chemical management. To approach this purpose, a step-by-step review has been implemented on the plant consisting of 40km pipelines, 3-stage filtrations, a deaeration tower, and treatment chemicals. The plant treats seawater for injection into two of Iranian offshore oilfield. That has been in operation for 28 years. During these years, damages have been occurred in the system and relatively in the reservoir due to corrosion and poor control of suspended solids. Besides, it suffers from lack of corrosion monitoring system and has never been inspected for corrosion potential, even though pig cleaning has been run frequently. Field data and laboratory tests indicated that one of the major problems associated with seawater injection in this oilfield results from inadequate filtration and presence of scales, as well as Sulfate Reducing Bacteria. The finest filter size is determined to be lower than 2µm according to the permeability of productive reservoir layer while it is 10µm on the site. Use of poor quality oxygen scavengers in over dose concentration beside the deaeration tower raises the concentration of sulfate and consequently shows up as CaSO<sub>4</sub> precipitate. Application of scale and corrosion inhibitor and biocide, as well as their efficacy, are discussed in details. Having NACE TM0299-99 Standard in mind, a corrosion monitoring system has been proposed for the plant. It was proved that with few replacements in chemical injection points, the system efficiency increased by 30%. The outcome of the study was, more effective treatment, less formation damage, as well as reduced cost and quantity of chemicals used per volume of oil produced and treated injected water.</em>Iranian Institute of Research and Development in Chemical Industries (IRDCI)-ACECRNashrieh Shimi va Mohandesi Shimi Iran1022-776833120140401Hydrodynamics Investigation of the Gas CentrifugeHydrodynamics Investigation of the Gas Centrifuge891019455FAMohammad Reza Mohammadi JozaniChemical Engineering Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRANYaghoub BehjatProcess Development and Equipment Technology Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI),
Tehran, I.R. IRANShahrokh ShahhosseiniChemical Engineering Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRANAhad GhaemiChemical Engineering Department, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN0000-0003-0390-4083Journal Article20130211<em>Regard to the extensive applications of gas centrifuges to remove gas </em><em>pollutants</em><em>, detailed knowledge of the flow behavior inside a gas centrifuge is important and necessary to properly design and optimization of its operation. In this research, gas centrifuge hydrodynamic and heat transfer phenomena have been simulated in unsteady state condition, three dimensional and supposing gas phase as compressible flow using CFD technique. According to high speed rotation of gas centrifuge outer wall, </em><em>Multiple Rotating Reference Frame </em><em>(MRF) approach applying </em><em>k-ε</em><em> RNG and RSM turbulence model was implemented in computational model. </em><em>Computational model</em><em> results include pressure, velocity, temperature profile as well as fluid flow pattern in the gas centrifuge. Comparing the CFD simulation results applying the RNG k-ε and RSM turbulence models, indicate that there are little difference between the velocity and radial pressure of the fluid. Hence, considering the high computational cost of the RSM model, the RNG k-ε turbulence model seems efficient in determining the turbulent fluid characteristics in gas centrifuges. The CFD simulation results approved that fluid swirl in gas centrifuge, feed inlet as well as upper and bottom scoops, extremely affects fluid flow pattern and axial gas velocity.</em><em>Regard to the extensive applications of gas centrifuges to remove gas </em><em>pollutants</em><em>, detailed knowledge of the flow behavior inside a gas centrifuge is important and necessary to properly design and optimization of its operation. In this research, gas centrifuge hydrodynamic and heat transfer phenomena have been simulated in unsteady state condition, three dimensional and supposing gas phase as compressible flow using CFD technique. According to high speed rotation of gas centrifuge outer wall, </em><em>Multiple Rotating Reference Frame </em><em>(MRF) approach applying </em><em>k-ε</em><em> RNG and RSM turbulence model was implemented in computational model. </em><em>Computational model</em><em> results include pressure, velocity, temperature profile as well as fluid flow pattern in the gas centrifuge. Comparing the CFD simulation results applying the RNG k-ε and RSM turbulence models, indicate that there are little difference between the velocity and radial pressure of the fluid. Hence, considering the high computational cost of the RSM model, the RNG k-ε turbulence model seems efficient in determining the turbulent fluid characteristics in gas centrifuges. The CFD simulation results approved that fluid swirl in gas centrifuge, feed inlet as well as upper and bottom scoops, extremely affects fluid flow pattern and axial gas velocity.</em>