نشریه شیمی و مهندسی شیمی ایران

نشریه شیمی و مهندسی شیمی ایران

مروری بر ترموژل‌ها با نگرش کاربردی در مهندسی پزشکی

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان
1 گروه مهندسی پزشکی، دانشکده مهندسی ، دانشگاه میبد، یزد، ایران
2 گروه مهندسی پزشکی، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه میبد، یزد، ایران
چکیده
ترموژل‌ها با داشتن خواص انتقال فاز سل- ژل منحصر به فرد، اخیرا مورد توجه بسیاری قرار گرفته‌اند. این نوع از هیدروژل‌ها با قرار گرفتن در معرض تغییرات دمایی یک انتقال فاز را از خود نشان می‌دهند. این ویژگی کلید کاربرد ترموژل‌ها در پزشکی است. رفتار ترموژل شدن، نتیجه‌ی ترکیبی از مکانیسم‌‌های واکنش به حرارت چند‌گانه است. این مکانیسم‌‌ها شامل رفتار پایین‌ترین دمای بحرانی محلول، مایسل سازی و تجمع مایسلی پلیمر‌های سازنده ترموژل است. ترموژل‌ها کاربردهای گسترده‌ای در مهندسی پزشکی و به ویژه در مهندسی بافت دارند. قابلیت تزریق یکی از مهم‌ترین خواص ترموژل‌ها برای کاربرد در مهندسی بافت است که تطابق بالا، قابلیت بارگیری راحت سلو‌ل‌ها و فاکتور‌های رشد و کمک به بازسازی بافت را به این هیدروژل‌ها القا می‌کند. در سال‌های اخیر استفاده از ترموژل‌ها در دارو رسانی و مطالعه بر روی سامانه‌های دارو رسانی ترموژلی نیز بسیار متداول شده است. ترموژل‌ها می‌توانند دارو را به‌صورت هدفمند به محل مورد نظر برسانند و با محافظت از دارو در بدن، طول عمر دارو را افزایش دهند. ترموژل‌ها همچنین به دلیل ساختار سه بعدی متخلخلی که دارند، در پژوهش‌های مختلفی به عنوان محیط کشت سلولی مناسب مورد توجه قرار گرفته‌اند. به علاوه این مواد به عنوان غشای خود تمیز شونده به دلیل داشتن قابلیت در کاهش کپسوله سازی فیبری و تسهیل انتشار آنالیت در حسگرهای زیستی استفاده شده‌اند. در این مقاله سعی شد که در ابتدا به بررسی تحقیقات انجام شده در زمینه مکانیسم های عملکردی ترموژل‌‌ها و پیشرفت‌های حاصل شده در این زمینه پرداخته شود. در ادامه نیز با نگرشی کاربردی، تحقیقات انجام شده در زمینه استفاده از ترموژل‌ها در مهندسی پزشکی مانند استفاده در دارو رسانی، مهندسی بافت، کشت سه بعدی سلول/ سلول‌‌های بنیادی و غشاها و حسگرها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
کلیدواژه‌ها

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