پدیده ترشوندگی و برهم‌کنش‌های سطح سنگ و سیّال تزریقی هنگام سیلاب‌زنی شیمیایی در فرایند ازدیاد برداشت نفت

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسنده

گروه مهندسی نفت، واحد امیدیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی‌، امیدیه، ایران

چکیده

اهمیّت هیدروکربن‌ها در تولید مواد متنوع و گوناگون و همچنین تأمین بخش اعظم انرژی جهان در قرن گذشته به‌وسیلۀ هیدروکربن‌ها از یک طرف و عدم توانایی جایگزینی انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر به‌دلیل رشد سریع نیاز جهانی به انرژی از طرف دیگر، باعث شده که مسئلۀ ازدیاد برداشت از ذخایر هیدروکربنی از کانون توجه پژوهشگران و متخصصان این صنعت خارج نشود. از روش‌های مهم ازدیاد برداشت نفت به‌ویژه در مخازن کربناته، تغییر ترشوندگی سنگ با استفاده از سیلاب‌زنی شیمیایی است که به تازگی مورد توجه پژوهشگران و مراکز تحقیقاتی زیادی قرار گرفته است. از آن جا که بخش اعظمی‌ از مخازن دنیا و همچنین کشور عزیزمان از جنس کربناته هستند، تغییر ترشوندگی سنگ مخزن از نفت‌دوستی به آب‌دوستی می‌‌تواند تأثیر چشمگیری در افزایش ضریب بازیافت نهایی مخزن داشته باشد. پژوهش حاضر مروری بر آخرین دستاوردهای ازدیاد برداشت پیشرفته از طریق سیلاب‌زنی شیمیایی در مخازن کربناته نفت‌دوست است که هدف آن­ها تغییر در خاصیّت ترشوندگی به‌سمت آب‌دوستی بوده است. باوجود پژوهش­ های گسترده‌ای که در زمینۀ مکانیسم‌های  تغییر ترشوندگی صورت گرفته، تاکنون همۀ جنبه‌های آن روشن و مشخص نشده است. بدیهی است بدون شناخت جامع و دقیق مکانیسم  فرایند، کنترل و بهبود آن میّسر نخواهد بود. در این مقاله مروری به بررسی مکانیسم‌ها و فعل‌وانفعال های حاکم در فرایندهای ازدیاد برداشت با استفاده از  سیلاب‌زنیِ با آبِ با شوریِ کم، سورفکتانت‌ها، پلیمرها و سیلاب‌زنی با استفاده از ذره ­های نانو یا همان نانوسیّال­ ها پرداخته شده است و تلاش بر این است تا برهمکنش‌های کانی‌های سطح سنگ مخزن و یون‌های موجود در سیّال تزریقی، اجزای نفت‌ خام و آب شور سازند، در فرایندهای ذکرشده مورد بررسی قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

مراجع

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