Preparation of Sorbitan Stearate

Document Type : Research Note

Authors

1 Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology,Tehran, I.R. IRAN

2 Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN

Abstract

Sorbitan fatty acid esters called sorbitan esters are surfactants widely used as food in the production process as emulsifiers. Sorbitan esters are well-known emulsifiers suitable for use in food, pharmaceutical products as well as many other applications. One such technique involves direct esterification of sorbitol or an intramolecular condensate of sorbitol with fatty acids in the presence of acid or alkali catalysts in one step process. In two step process, sorbitol is first dehydrated to sorbitan and then esterified with acid or alkaline catalysis. In this study, two steps process due to better compatibility was selected. For the first and second steps, catalysts were tested fur phosphoric acid recognized as suitable catalyst for this reaction, effect of temperature and pressure and catalyst concentration were determined. The results show that dehydration rate is proportional to temperature and catalyst concentration, but pressure has negative effect. For the second step, alkaline catalyst was studied and esterification was affected under alkaline condition. Surface tension was studied by different amount of sorbitan ester.Produced sorbitan ester reduced surface tensionwith CMC 15mg/L and saponification number of 147.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] Aminmahalati A., Alemzadeh I., Vossoghi M., Preparation of Sorbitan Stearate,"Muti-Confernce on Engineering and Technological Innovation", Proceeding Vol.1 of The 2nd Int, Orlando, Florida, USA; pp. 81-85 (2009).
[2] Whitehurst R.J., "Emulsifiers in Food Technology", UK: Blackwell; pp. 162-166 (2004).
[3] Hasenhuettl GL, Hartel RW, “Food Emulsifiers and Their Applications”, 2nd ed. New york: Springer; pp. 18-19 (2008).
[4] Smidrkal J., Cervenkova R., Filip V., Two-Stage Synthesis of Sorbitan Esters, and Physical Properties of the Products,Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol.,106(12): 851–855 (2004).
[5] Nagahiro S., Kamiryou E., Process for Producing Sorbitan Fatty Acid Ester, EP Patent 1,770,082 A1(2006).
[6] Stochburger G.J., Process for Preparing Sorbitan Esters, U.S. Patent, 4,297,290(1981).
[7] Soltzberg S., Sorbitan and Process for Making the Same, U.S. Patent, 2390395(1945).
[8] Brown K.R., Monoesters of Inner Ethers of Hexahydric Alcohols, U.S. Patent, 2322820(1943).
[9] Hu J., Holladay J.E., Wang Y., Werpy T.A., Two-Stage Dehydration of Sugars, U.S. Patent, 2007/0173651 A1(2007).
[10] Stuhler H., Process for Preparing Carboxylic Acid Esters of Hexitols, U.S. Patent, 4562007(1985).
[11] Beshouri S.M., Admaski R.P., Sorbitan Ester Purification Process, U.S. Patent 5,306,831(1994).
[12] NielsenS.S.,"Food Analysis", 4th ed. New York: Springer; pp.247-248 (2009).
[13] محققی، الهه؛ وثوقی، منوچهر؛ عالم­زاده، ایران؛بررسی و بهینه سازی استخراج اسید آمینه ی فنیل آلانین به وسیله­ی غشای مایع امولسیونی آب ـ روغن ـ آب، نشریه شیمی و مهندسی شیمی ایران، 48: 83تا 92 (1387).
[14] رضایی، حبیب­الله؛ کریمی، علی؛ سنتز، بررسی ساختار شیمیایی و ویژگی های کوامولسیفایر ـ نفتالین سولفونیک اسید ـ فرمالدیید، نشریه شیمی و مهندسی شیمی ایران، 52: 123 تا 128 (1388).
[15] قندی، مهدی؛ طباطبایی قمی، سید علی؛ نوآوری در تهیه سیکلو هگزیل تیو فتالیمید به وسیله­ی تراکم فتالیمیدو سیکلو هگزیل سولفنیل کلرید در محیط آبی با استفاده ازامولسیفایرنونیل فنیل ـ پلی اتیلن گلیکول، نشریه شیمی و مهندسی شیمی ایران، 52: 91 تا 95 (1388).

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics