Alumina-Supported Tungsten and Tungsten-Cerium Catalysts for Oxidative Desulfurization of Simulated Liquid Fuels

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Oil & Gas, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, I.R. IRAN

Abstract

According to international standards, the sulfur of fuels used in the transport sector, as one of the most important sources of pollution, should be reduced to around 10 ppmw by 2010. The main reason for ultra-deep desulfurization is environmental problems such as air pollution, acid rain, and concerns for human health. Oxidative desulfurization (ODS) is a supplement to the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process. In the Oxidative desulfurization process, desulfurization of refractory sulfur compounds was carried out under mild operation conditions (low temperature and low pressure). In this study, the performance of catalytic oxidative desulfurization was considered using tungsten and tungsten-cerium catalysts supported by alumina with different compositions of tungsten (W) and cerium (Ce), which were synthesized by incipient wetness impregnation. The effect of aromatic competitive compounds was investigated. The conversion of DBT for 20wt.% W, as the best catalyst, was reached 100% at the temperature of  , the mass ratio of model fuel/catalyst=100, the molar ratio of O/S=5, and reaction time=60 min. The catalysts were characterized by FT-IR and FESEM. The data help explain the satisfactory catalytic performance.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] Xun S., Zhu W., Zhu F., Chang Y., Zheng D., Qin Y., Zhang M., Jiang W., Li H., Design and Synthesis of W-Containing Mesoporous Material with Excellent Catalytic Activity for the Oxidation of 4, 6-DMDBT in Fuels, Chemical Engineering Journal, 280: 256-264 (2015).
[2] Long Z., Yang C., Zeng G., Peng L., Dai C., He H., Catalytic Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene Using Catalyst of Tungsten Supported on Resin D152, Fuel, 130: 19-24 (2014).
[3] Song C., An Overview of New Approaches to Deep Desulfurization for Ultra-Clean Gasoline, Diesel Fuel and Jet Fuel, Catalysis Today, 86: 211–263 (2003).
[4] Schulz H., Bohringer W., Ousmanov F., Waller P., Refractory Sulfur Compounds in Gas Oils, Fuel Processing Technology, 61: 5-41 (1999).
[5] Velu S., Ma X., Song C., Selective Adsorption for Removing Sulfur from Jet Fuel over Zeolite-Base Adsorbents, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 42: 5293-5304 (2003).
[6] Kim J. H., Ma X., Zhou A., Song C., Ultra-Deep Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Diesel Fuel by Selective Adsorption over Three Different Adsorbents: A Study on Adsorptive Selectivity and Mechanism, Catalysis Today, 111: 74–83 (2006).
[7] Lukyanitsa V.G., Galpern G.D., Oxidative Potential of Organic Sulfides. Izvestia aN SSSR, Series, Khimicheskaya 1: 130-131 (1956) [in Russian].
[8] Sharipov A.Kh., Nigmatulin V.R., Oxidative Desulfurization of Diesel Fuels (Review), Neftekhimia,  45: 403-410 (2005) [in Russian].
[9] Zhao H., Baker G.A., Zhang Q., Design Rules of Ionic Liquids Tasked for Highly Efficient Fuel Desulfurization by Mild Oxidative Extraction, Fuel, 189: 334–339 (2017).
[10] Alvarez-Amparán M. A.  and Cedeño-Caero L., MoOx-VOxbased Catalysts for the Oxidative Desulfurization of Refractory Compounds: Influence of MoOx-VOxinteraction on the Catalytic Performance, Catal. Today, 282: 133–139 (2017).
[11] Li Z., H. Jeong J., Sivaranjani K., Song B. J., Park S. B., Li D., Lee C.W., Jin M., Kim J. M., Highly Ordered Mesoporous WO3 with Excellent Catalytic Performance and Reusability for Deep Oxidative Desulfurization, Nano, 10: 1550075 (2015).
[12] Long Z., Yang C., Zeng G., Peng L., Dai C., He H., Catalytic Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene Using Catalyst of Tungsten Supported On Resin D152, Fuel, 130: 19-24 (2014).
[13] Shi Y., Liu G., Zhang B., Zhang X., Oxidation of Refractory Sulfur Compounds with Molecular Oxygen over a Ce–Mo–O Catalyst, Green Chemistry, 18: 5273-527 (2016).
[14] Azimzadeh H., Akbari A., Omidkhah M. R., Catalytic Oxidative Desulfurization Performance of Immobilized NMP. FeCl3 Ionic Liquid on γ-Al2O3 Support, Chemical Engineering Journal, 320: 189-200 (2017).
[15] Liu G., Zhao Z.-J., Wu T., Zeng L., Gong J., Nature of the Active Sites of VOx/Al2O3 Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation, ACS Catalysis, 6: 5207-5214 (2016).
[16]  Ascoop I., Galvita V. V., Alexopoulos K., Reyniers M.-F., Van Der Voort P., Bliznuk V., B.Marin G., The role of CO2 in the dehydrogenation of Propane over WOx–VOx/SiO2, Journal of Catalysis, 335: 1-10 (2016).
[17] Putluru S. S. R., Schill L., Godiksen A., Poreddy R., Mossin S., Jensen A. D., Fehrmann R., Promoted V2O5/TiO2 Catalysts For Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3 at Low Temperatures, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 183: 282-290 (2016).
[18] Akbari A., Omidkhah M., Darian J. T., Investigation of Process Variables and Intensification Effects of Ultrasound Applied in Oxidative Desulfurization of Model Diesel over Moo3/Al2O3 Catalyst, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 21: 692-705 (2014).
[19] Liu C., Shih K., Y. Gao, Li F., Wei L., Dechlorinating Transformation of Propachlor Through Nucleophilic Substitution by Dithionite on the Surface of Alumina, Journal of Soils and Sediments, 12: 724-733 (2012).
[20] Saikia B. J.  Parthasarathy G., Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Characterization of Kaolinite from Assam and Meghalaya, Northeastern India, Journal of Modern Physics, 206: (2010).
[21] Bazyari A., Mortazavi Y., Khodadadi A. A., Thompson L. T., Tafreshi R., Zaker A., T. Ajenifujah O., Effects of Alumina Phases as Nickel Supports on Deep Reactive Adsorption of (4, 6-dimethyl) Dibenzothiophene: Comparison between γ, δ, and θ-Alumina, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 180: 312-323, (2016).
[22] Djebaili K., Mekhalif Z., Boumaza A., Djelloul A., XPS, FTIR, EDX, and XRD Analysis of Al2O3 Scales Grown on PM2000 Alloy, Journal of Spectroscopy, 2015 (2015).
[23] Said A. E.-A. A., El-Wahab M. M. A., El-Aal M. A., The Role of Acid Sites in the Catalytic Performance of Tungsten Oxide During the Dehydration of Isopropyl and Methyl Alcohols, Chemical and Materials Engineering, 4: 17-25 (2016).
[24] Prabhu N., Agilan S., Muthukumarasamy N., and Senthilkumaran C., Effect of Temperature on the Structural and Optical Properties of WO3 Nanoparticles Prepared by Solvo Thermal Method, Digest Journal of Nanomaterials & Biostructures (DJNB), 8 (2013).
[25] Díaz-Reyes J., Dorantes-García V., Pérez-Benítez A., and Balderas-López J., Obtaining of Films of Tungsten Trioxide (WO3) by Resistive Heating of a Tungsten Filament, Superficies y Vacío, 21: 12-17 (2008).
[26] Ta T.K.H., Tran T.N.H., Tran Q.M.N., Pham D.P., Pham K.N., Cao T.T., Kim Y.S., Tran D.L., Ju H., Phan B.T.,  Surface Functionalization of WO3 Thin Films with (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane and Succinic Anhydride, Journal of Electronic Materials, 46: 3345-3352 (2017).
[27] Yang L., Tan Y., Sheng Z., Zhou A., The Poisoning Effect of Na Doping over Mn-Ce/TiO2 Catalyst for Low-Temperature Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO by NH3, Journal of Nanomaterials, 2014 (2014).
[28] Liu G., Zhao Z.-J., Wu T., Zeng L., Gong J., Nature of the Active Sites of VOx/Al2O3 Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation, ACS Catalysis, 6: 5207-5214 (2016).
[29] Zhao R., X. Li, J. Su, Gao X., Preparation of WO3/g-C3N4 Composites and their Application in Oxidative Desulfurization, Applied Surface Science, 392: 810-816 (2017).
[30] Xiao J., Wu L., Wu Y., Liu B., Dai L., Li Z., Xia Q., Xi H.,  Effect of Gasoline Composition on Oxidative Desulfurization Using a Phosphotungstic Acid/Activated Carbon Catalyst with Hydrogen Peroxide, Applied energy, 113: 78-85 (2014).
Kiani D., Belletti G., Quaino P., Tielens F., Baltrusaitis J., Structure and Vibrational Properties of Potassium-Promoted Tungsten Oxide Catalyst Monomeric Sites Supported on Alumina (K2O/WO3/Al2O3) Characterized Using Periodic Density Functional Theory, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 122(42): 24190-24201 (2018).

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics