Construction of a Cheap pH-Based Colorimetric Sensor Based on Natural Materials to Detect Spoilage of Protein Materials Chicken and Sausage

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, I.R. IRAN

Abstract

Protein products are currently one of the most perishable food sources that require the use of modern packaging methods such as smart packaging that can perform intelligent functions to increase shelf life, control changes and maintain product quality. The aim of this study was to provide a pH-dependent color sensor, simple, inexpensive and non-toxic to detect spoilage of protein materials during storage. Experiments were performed on the samples at both ambient and refrigerator temperatures. Watman paper impregnated with aqueous extracts of fruits and plants was used to make this sensor. The growth of microorganisms during storage of protein materials leads to the breakdown of chicken meat sausage proteins and the production of volatile amines, which accumulate in the packaging, causing the environment to become alkaline and change the color of the filter paper impregnated with the aqueous extract. These color changes were evaluated using CIELab imaging and thiobarbituric acid index measurement, total volatile nitrogen, total phenol, and changes in the appearance of the samples, all of which were consistent with the color change of the sensor as the decay process progressed.

Keywords

Main Subjects


[3] Kerry J., Butler P., “Smart Packaging Technologies for Fast Moving Consumer Goods (3’th edition)”, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, London, (2008).
[5] Ghoshal G., Recent Trends in Active, and Intelligent Packaging for Food Products in Food Packaging and Preservation, Elsevier Academic Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 343-374 (2018).
[6] Morsy M.K., Zor K., Kostesha N., Sonne Alstrøm T., Heiskanen A., El-Tanahi H., Sharaba A., Popkoysky D., Larsen J., Khalaf H., Jakobsen M.H., Emneus J., Development and Validation of a Colorimetric Sensor Array for Fish Spoilage Monitoring, Food Control, 60: 346-352 (2016).
[7]  مجدی نسب م.، سپیدنامه م.، نگهداری فر م.، تشخیص فساد ماهی قزل آلا (trutta Salmo) در طول نگهداری با استفاده از یک سنسور رنگ سنجی کاغذی ساده، علوم و صنایع غذایی، (77)17: 293 تا 302 (1397).
[8] Hakovirta M., Aksoy B., Hakovirta J., Self-Assembled Micro-Structured Sensors for Food Safety in Paper based Food Packaging, Materials Science and Engineering, 53: 331-335 (2015).
[9] محمودی اسکندرآبادی س.، محمودیان م.، رحمانی ف.، بسته‌بندی فعال و هوشمند مواد غذایی با به‎کارگیری عامل‎های پاد‌باکتریایی و شناساگر با خاستگاه طبیعی، نشریه پژوهش‌های کاربردی در شیمی، 4: 43 تا 50 (1399).
[10] Zhang H., Hou A., Xie K., Gao A., Smart Color-Changing Paper Packaging Sensors with pH Sensitive Chromophores based on Azo-Anthraquinone Reactive Dyes, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 286: 362-369 (2019).
[11] نیکنام ا.، جوانمرد داخلی م.، تعیین پیشرفت فساد و ماندگاری گوشت مرغ در یخچال با استفاده از معرف‌های رنگی، فناوری های جدید در صنعت غذا، (2)2: 3 تا 14 (1393).
[13] Madaan R., Bansal G.,  Kumar S., Sharma A, Estimation of Total Phenols and Flavonoids in Extracts of Actaea Spicata Roots and Antioxidant Activity Studies, Indian J. Pharm. Sci., 73(6): 666–669 (2011).
[14] Mendoza F., Dejmekb P., Aguilera J.M., Calibrated Color Measurements of Agricultural Foods Using Image Analysis, Postharvest Biology and Technology, 41: 285–295 (2006).
[15] افشاری جویباری ح.، فرحناکی ع.، امکان استفاده از نرم افزار فتوشاپ برای اندازه گیری رنگ مواد غذایی: بررسی تغییرات رنگ خرمای مضافتی بم در طی رساندن مصنوعی، پژوهش های علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران، (1)5: 37 تا 46 (1388).
[16] Yam K.L., Papadakis S.E., A Simple Digital Imaging Method for Measuring and Analyzing Color of Food Surfaces, Journal of Food Engineering, 61(1): 137–142 (2004).
[17] Ojagh S.M., Rezaei M., Razavi S.H., Hosseini S.M.H., Effect of Chitosan Coatings Enriched with Cinnamon Oil on the Quality of Refrigerated Rainbow Trout, Food Chemistry, 120(1): 193-198 (2010).
[18] Fan W., Sun J., Chen Y., Qiu J., Zhang Y., Chi Y., Effects of Chitosan Coating on Quality and Shelf Life of Silver Carp during Frozen Storage, Food Chemistry, 115(1): 66-70(2009).
[20] فاطمی حسن.، شیمی مواد غذایی، شرکت سهامی انتشار، ایران، 176 تا 179 (1399).