Document Type : Research Article
Authors
1
عضو هیات علمی دانشکده شیمی، پردیس علوم، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2
Ph.D. Student of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Alborz Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3
School of Chemistry, Alborz Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to produce biofuel from olive pomace. The input feed, which is waste and olive pomace, was obtained from the olive oil production factory of Pishgaman Sazandegi Manufacturing Company in Fars City, Fars province, and after preparation, characterization tests such as elemental analysis of CHNSO and metal elements were performed and the amount of lignin, hemi Cellulose, cellulose, volatile compounds, ash moisture and fixed carbon of olive pomace were determined. In this research, to the upgrading of bio-oil, the catalytic pyrolysis processes were investigated. The catalysts used in the catalytic pyrolysis process included NiO, and Co3O4 catalysts on biochar and natural zeolite which was synthesized via the impregnation method. In this research, natural zeolite, which is a low-cost and high-capacity substrate for converting bio-oil into biofuel, was used for the synthesis of the catalyst. The characterization of the used catalysts was done by BET, XRD, and SEM-mapping analysis
In the non-catalytic pyrolysis process, the effect of temperature on bio-oil production efficiency was investigated. The results showed that bio-oil often contains oxygenated compounds. For all catalysts, with increasing catalyst, the amount of oxygenated compounds decreases. For zeolite-based catalysts, the production of aromatic compounds as valuable compounds increases significantly, and for the NiO/Zeolite catalyst, the production of aromatic hydrocarbons in the ratio of catalyst to biomass 0.5 and 5, reaches 41.84% and 79.91%, respectively. The production of aromatic hydrocarbons is caused by the conversion of fatty acids into hydrocarbons during the decarboxylation reaction. The highest rate of removal of fatty acids for biochar-based catalysts is Nio/Biochar catalyst. The removal of fatty acids in the presence of NiO/Zeolite catalyst is performed significantly and reaches 44.48% and 10.07% for the catalyst to biomass ratio of 0.5 and 5, respectively.
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