Nashrieh Shimi va Mohandesi Shimi Iran

Nashrieh Shimi va Mohandesi Shimi Iran

Lithium Extraction Methods from Primary and Secondary Resources: A Review

Document Type : Review Article

Authors
Zeinab Alipoor
Mahdi Pourafshari Chenar
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, I.R. IRAN
Abstract
The widespread use of Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs) in electrical and electronic tools as well as electric vehicles indicates a significant increase in the demand for lithium in recent years. Therefore, the extraction of lithium from minerals such as spodumene, as well as brines and seawater as primary resources of lithium, has received much attention. On the other hand, due to the increase in the use of LIBs, the amount of their waste has increased in recent years. So, recycling of LIBs, in addition to solving environmental problems caused by the presence of heavy metals and toxic compounds in them, as a secondary resource, has a great importance to compensate the lack of lithium resources and other precious metals. In this review, various methods of lithium extraction from primary resources and LIBs and the results of some studies conducted in this regard have been investigated. Also, the industrial processes of lithium extraction from primary or secondary sources have been presented by introducing some companies operate in this field and introducing the process of lithium extraction in them.
Keywords
Lithium
Extraction
Ores
Brines
Seawater
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)

Subjects

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